Global Rockwell Hardness
Tester Market is segmented on the basis of product type, application, scale,
Rockwell hardness test and region. Hardness is the property of a material that
allows it to resist plastic distortion, usually by penetration. Though, the
term hardness may also refer to resistance to bending, scratching, abrasion or
cutting. The Rockwell hardness test is performed mainly through a test force,
more commonly known as a minor load or preload. This is applied to a specific
sample with the help of an indenter. The Rockwell test regulates the hardness
by measuring the depth of penetration of an indenter under a large load
compared to the penetration made by a preload.
The Rockwell hardness test
method consists of indenting the test material with a diamond cone or hardened
steel ball indenter. The key benefit of the Rockwell hardness test is that it
can show direct hardness values. This test is widely used because of its:
Reliability, Speed, Resolution, Robustness, and Small indentation area.
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Based on product type, the
Rockwell Hardness Testers Market is classified into Digital Rockwell Hardness
Tester, Portable Rockwell Hardness Testers. Based on application, the global
market is classified into R&D departments, Inspection departments,
foundries, educational institutions, laboratories, and heat treatment shops.
Based on scale, the Rockwell Hardness Tester Market is classified into HRA,
HRB, HRC, and others, where the last letter is the particular Rockwell scale.
On the basis of Rockwell
hardness test, a differential-depth method, the residual depth of the indent
made by the indenter is measured. The sequence of the Rockwell test according
to ISO 6508 can be described as below:
The indenter is pressed with
the test pre-force (also referred to as preload) to a penetration depth of h0
in the specimen to be tested. h0 defines the reference level for subsequent
measurement of the residual indentation depth (h).The additional test force is
applied for a dwell period defined in accordance with the standard (several
seconds), whereby the indenter pierces into the specimen to a maximum
indentation depth of h1. The test pre-force plus the additional test force
gives the total test force (also referred to as main load).After the dwell
period, the additional test force is removed; the indenter moves up by the
elastic proportion of the penetration depth in the total test force and remains
at the level of the residual indentation depth (h - expressed in units of 0.002
or 0.001 mm). This is also referred to as the depth differential (difference in
indentation depth before and after application of the total test force). Now
the Rockwell hardness (HR) can be calculated, using the residual indentation
depth (h) and a formula defined in the standard, taking account of the applied
Rockwell scale. Geographically, the global market is segmented into North
America, China, Europe, Southeast Asia, Japan, and India.
The global key players in the
Rockwell Hardness Testers Market are INNOVATEST Europe BV, AFFRI, Struers,
Phase II, Proceq, Ernst, Buehler, Fowler High Precision, EMCO-TEST
Prufmaschinen, Starrett, Tinius Olsen, Mitutoyo, KOUNAN Corporation, Flexbar,
Mitutoyo, and Zwick Roell Group.
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